{"id":12586,"date":"2022-03-07T15:28:00","date_gmt":"2022-03-07T19:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586"},"modified":"2022-05-23T04:58:40","modified_gmt":"2022-05-23T08:58:40","slug":"colonia-lucha-de-clases-e-independencia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586","title":{"rendered":"Colonia, lucha de clases e Independencia"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Por primera vez un historiador venezolano pone el \u00e9nfasis en la lucha de clases como eje del proceso de crisis estructural de la Colonia y el choque de poderes que desemboc\u00f3 en el 19 de Abril de 1810, los conflictos de poder que este hecho acentu\u00f3 y la guerra de Independencia hasta la victoria de Carabobo, donde Bol\u00edvar finalmente logra liderar a un pueblo entero \u2014superior en n\u00famero y en voluntad a los sectores dominantes\u2014 pero en una clara desventaja pol\u00edtica. La particularidad del enfoque de Arturo Cardozo est\u00e1 en mostrar c\u00f3mo se concatenan las contradicciones internas de la superestructura de la sociedad colonial \u2014instituciones familiares, estamentos sociales, organizaci\u00f3n pol\u00edtico-administrativa, organizaci\u00f3n eclesi\u00e1stica\u2014 la conformaci\u00f3n de la conciencia social \u2014expresada en la educaci\u00f3n, el pensamiento y las ideas pol\u00edticas y el arte\u2014 con las contradicciones de clase propiamente dichas. As\u00ed, en lugar de presentar la visi\u00f3n de una colonia que trata de emanciparse de una metr\u00f3poli imperial, reconstruye una serie de complejos procesos de acceso a los recursos y medios de producci\u00f3n, a los mercados y a determinados privilegios que implican mayor control pol\u00edtico. Presenta el surgimiento y auge de clases como la oligarqu\u00eda mantuana y de su contraparte burguesa-mercantil y el modo en que la pugna entre ambas impacta en la din\u00e1mica general del paso de la Provincia de Venezuela a la Rep\u00fablica que concibi\u00f3 Bol\u00edvar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Arturo Cardozo<\/strong> Nacido en Trujillo en 1916, abogado, historiador, docente universitario, fue desde muy joven un activo militante comunista, enfrentado a las dictaduras de G\u00f3mez y P\u00e9rez Jim\u00e9nez, as\u00ed como a los gobiernos de AD y Copei. Produjo una extensa obra que va desde la reconstrucci\u00f3n de la historia de los Andes, pasando por los movimientos comuneros hasta temas de orden jur\u00eddico-legal. Fue presidente de la Sociedad de Historiadores Latinoamericanos y del Caribe. Muri\u00f3 en 1996. Entre sus muchos libros destacan:<em> Investigaci\u00f3n, estudio y cambio: gu\u00edas metodol\u00f3gicas<\/em>; <em>Luchas revolucionarias en Venezuela y el mundo<\/em> y <em>Proceso hist\u00f3rico de Venezuela<\/em>, esta \u00faltima editada en cuatro tomos, el segundo de los cuales es el presente volumen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Arturo Cardozo<br><em>Colonia, lucha de clases e Independencia<\/em><br><\/strong>Colecci\u00f3n Bicentenario Carabobo 64<br>ISBN 978-980-440-036-0<br>622 pp.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Por primera vez un historiador venezolano pone el \u00e9nfasis en la lucha de clases como eje del proceso de crisis estructural de la Colonia y el choque de poderes que [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":12509,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true},"categories":[93,55],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Colonia, lucha de clases e Independencia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Colonia, lucha de clases e Independencia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Por primera vez un historiador venezolano pone el \u00e9nfasis en la lucha de clases como eje del proceso de crisis estructural de la Colonia y el choque de poderes que [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Cenal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-03-07T19:28:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-05-23T08:58:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cenal.gob.ve\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Coleccion-Bicentenario-Carabobo-64-Cardozo-Arturo-Colonia-lucha-de-clases-e-independencia.jpeg?fit=1097%2C1614&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1097\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1614\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Prensa Cenal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Prensa Cenal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Prensa Cenal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#\/schema\/person\/e3ed34623f400ffab8bc7a63b2f5533f\"},\"headline\":\"Colonia, lucha de clases e Independencia\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-03-07T19:28:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-05-23T08:58:40+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586\"},\"wordCount\":386,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Bicentenario Carabobo\",\"Libros\"],\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586\",\"name\":\"Colonia, lucha de clases e Independencia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2022-03-07T19:28:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-05-23T08:58:40+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Colonia, lucha de clases e Independencia\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/\",\"name\":\"Cenal\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#organization\",\"name\":\"CENAL\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/\",\"sameAs\":[],\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cenal.gob.ve\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/cropped-images.jpg?fit=512%2C512\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cenal.gob.ve\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/cropped-images.jpg?fit=512%2C512\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"CENAL\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#\/schema\/person\/e3ed34623f400ffab8bc7a63b2f5533f\",\"name\":\"Prensa Cenal\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/594b4ed34090910c619ac3679001d491?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/594b4ed34090910c619ac3679001d491?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Prensa Cenal\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?author=10\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Colonia, lucha de clases e Independencia","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586","og_locale":"es_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Colonia, lucha de clases e Independencia","og_description":"Por primera vez un historiador venezolano pone el \u00e9nfasis en la lucha de clases como eje del proceso de crisis estructural de la Colonia y el choque de poderes que [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586","og_site_name":"Cenal","article_published_time":"2022-03-07T19:28:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2022-05-23T08:58:40+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1097,"height":1614,"url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cenal.gob.ve\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Coleccion-Bicentenario-Carabobo-64-Cardozo-Arturo-Colonia-lucha-de-clases-e-independencia.jpeg?fit=1097%2C1614&ssl=1","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Prensa Cenal","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Prensa Cenal","Est. reading time":"2 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586"},"author":{"name":"Prensa Cenal","@id":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#\/schema\/person\/e3ed34623f400ffab8bc7a63b2f5533f"},"headline":"Colonia, lucha de clases e Independencia","datePublished":"2022-03-07T19:28:00+00:00","dateModified":"2022-05-23T08:58:40+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586"},"wordCount":386,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#organization"},"articleSection":["Bicentenario Carabobo","Libros"],"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586","url":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586","name":"Colonia, lucha de clases e Independencia","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#website"},"datePublished":"2022-03-07T19:28:00+00:00","dateModified":"2022-05-23T08:58:40+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?p=12586#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Colonia, lucha de clases e Independencia"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#website","url":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/","name":"Cenal","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#organization","name":"CENAL","url":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/","sameAs":[],"logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cenal.gob.ve\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/cropped-images.jpg?fit=512%2C512","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cenal.gob.ve\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/cropped-images.jpg?fit=512%2C512","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"CENAL"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#\/schema\/person\/e3ed34623f400ffab8bc7a63b2f5533f","name":"Prensa Cenal","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/594b4ed34090910c619ac3679001d491?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/594b4ed34090910c619ac3679001d491?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Prensa Cenal"},"url":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/?author=10"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Coleccion-Bicentenario-Carabobo-64-Cardozo-Arturo-Colonia-lucha-de-clases-e-independencia.jpeg","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5FMhp-3h0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12586"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12586"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12586\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16721,"href":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12586\/revisions\/16721"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12509"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12586"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12586"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cenal.gob.ve\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12586"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}